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Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 27

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Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 27
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The last step of biogas formation is
    Solution
    Methanogenesis is the last step of biogas formation. Methanogenesis or biomethanation is the formation of methane by microbes known as methanogens. In most environments, it is the final step in the decomposition of biomass.
    Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is wrongly matched?
    Solution
    Rhizobium is a symbiotic nitrogen fixer. They are soil bacteria and becomes established inside root nodules of legumes. In order to express genes for nitrogen fixation, rhizobia require a plant host; they cannot independently fix nitrogen. In general, they are Gram-negative, motile, non-sporulating rods.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Thurioside is a proteinaceous toxin, which is obtained from
    Solution
    Thurioside is a toxin produced by the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis. Thus, it is of bactericidal origin. It is used as a bio-insecticide, as it is highly effective against disease causing insects like flies, moths, mosquitoes etc. If consumed by mistake, it acts as a stomach poison.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched.
    Solution
    Correct Answer: B
    Explanation:
    • Rhizobium\textit{Rhizobium} lives in a  symbiotic association in the roots nodules of leguminous plants, fix atmospheric nitrogen into an organic form that is used by plants as nutrients.
    • Mycorrhiza is a symbiotic relationship between fungus and plant roots. They take part in the absorption of water, nutrients, and minerals from organic matter present in soil like phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium.
    • Yeast is used for the production of ethanol and carbon dioxide. by fermentation.
    • Myxomycetes are known as true slime molds belongs to the phylum Protista. 
    • Hene, the correct answer is Mycorrhizae -Mineral uptake from soil. 
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Azolla pinnata has been found as an important biofertilizer for paddy crops. This quality is due to presence of
    Solution
    Azolla pinnata is a species of fern known by several common names, including feathered mosquito fern and water velvet. Azolla pinnata has been found as an important biofertilizer for paddy crops.
    Rice farmers sometimes keep this plant in their paddies, because it generates valuable nitrogen via its symbiosis, Cyanobacteria. The plant can be grown in wet soil and then plowed under, generating a good amount of nitrogen-rich fertilizer.
    Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Most commonly used green manure plants are
    Solution
    Green manure is a term used to describe the specific plant or crop varieties that are grown and turned into the soil to improve its overall quality. A green manure crop can be cut and then plowed into the soil or simply left on the ground for an extended period prior to tilling garden areas. Examples of green manure crops include grass mixtures and legume plants. Some of the most commonly used are- lentil, vetch, sunn hemp, berseem, clover, peas, winter wheat, alfalfa etc.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Biofertilizers are
    Solution
    Biofertilizers are the suspension of microorganism which is formed by ploughing in legumes. They enrich the nutrient quality of the soil. The main sources of biofertilizers are bacteria, fungi, and cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). Biofertilizers will help solve such problems as increased salinity of the soil and chemical run-offs from the agricultural fields.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is a non-symbiotic biofertilizer?
    Solution
    Nitrogen is the important nutrient for plant growth. Plant obtains nitrogen from the atmosphere with the help of symbiotic and free nitrogen-fixing microorganisms. Azotobacter  is aerobic free living nitrogen fixing organism and fixes atmospheric nitrogen non-symbiotically. Therefore, all plants, trees, vegetables get benefited. Whereas VAM, Anabaena and Rhizobium are the symbiotic organisms. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Supply of oxygen to the biogas plant will have ?
    Solution
    Supply of oxygen to the biogas plant will have -ve effect. Because the entire process is anaerobic, which does not favour the presence of oxygen.
    Biogas typically refers to a mixture of different gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter through anaerobic bacteria such as Methanogen that can act in the absence of Oxygen only. in the presence of Oxygen, they will not be able to function and causes negative effects. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Azolla is used as a biofertilizer, because it
    Solution
    Azolla, a free floating freshwater fern has a symbiotic association with blue-green alga, Anabaena azollae. It lives in leaf cavities of fern. It has nitrogenase enzyme, therefore, can fix nitrogen. The decaying fern release same nitrogen to rice fields, where it grows abundantly and therefore, act as biofertilizer. Nitrogen is one of an essential elements needed by plants for their growth and Azolla’s high nitrogen content makes it an ideal biofertilizer. As a result, they can fix almost three times more atmospheric nitrogen than legumes. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option C.
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